33
8018P–AVR–08/10
ATmega169P
8.5
Crystal Oscillator
XTAL1 and XTAL2 are input and output, respectively, of an inverting amplifier which can be con-
figured for use as an On-chip Oscillator, as shown in Figure 8-2. Either a quartz crystal or a
ceramic resonator may be used.
C1 and C2 should always be equal for both crystals and resonators. The optimal value of the
capacitors depends on the crystal or resonator in use, the amount of stray capacitance, and the
electromagnetic noise of the environment. Some initial guidelines for choosing capacitors for
use with crystals are given in Table 8-5. For ceramic resonators, the capacitor values given by
the manufacturer should be used.
Figure 8-2.
Crystal Oscillator Connections
The Oscillator can operate in three different modes, each optimized for a specific frequency
range. The operating mode is selected by the fuses CKSEL3:1 as shown in Table 8-5.
Notes:
1. This option should not be used with crystals, only with ceramic resonators.
Table 8-5.
Crystal Oscillator Operating Modes
CKSEL3:1
Frequency Range (MHz)
Recommended Range for Capacitors C1 and
C2 for Use with Crystals (pF)
100(1)
0.4 - 0.9
101
0.9 - 3.0
12 - 22
110
3.0 - 8.0
12 - 22
111
8.0 -
12 - 22
XTAL2 (TOSC2)
XTAL1 (TOSC1)
GND
C2
C1
相关PDF资料
2-1546217-0 TERM BLK RCPT 20POS SIDE 5.08MM
1-1546217-9 TERM BLK RCPT 19POS SIDE 5.08MM
1-1546217-8 TERM BLK RCPT 18POS SIDE 5.08MM
1-1546217-7 TERM BLK RCPT 17POS SIDE 5.08MM
1-1546217-6 TERM BLK RCPT 16POS SIDE 5.08MM
1-1546217-5 TERM BLK RCPT 15POS SIDE 5.08MM
1-1546217-4 TERM BLK RCPT 14POS SIDE 5.08MM
1-1546217-3 TERM BLK RCPT 13POS SIDE 5.08MM
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